Census In India

In 1949, the Indian Government is taking steps to improve the registration of Vital Statistics and further decided to establish a single organization in the middle of the Interior under the Registrar General and ex-officio Census Commissioner of India to deal with Vital Statistics and Census.

Till 1951 Census Organization in India functioned as a phoenix, which is the organization came to be just on the eve of the census and is as quick as census operations were over in two or three years after its creation. With the establishment of a solid core in the center, it has been possible to obtain current population census organization in the inter-censal period. Concentrated taken steps to improve the registration of births and deaths in the country to provide reliable vital rates which are so crucial for the current planning.

The first census after independence was taken in 1951. The report of the 1951 census, the Census Commissioner of India was a complete departure from the pattern of previous census reports. This report has attempted to interpret past changes in size and structure of India's population, and to highlight their importance to the level of living standards. The report also made a plea for a reduction in fertility in the country. 1951 census also attempted for the first time in the history of Indian census to assess the accuracy of the census counts in a re-enforcement in the field.

Requirements of the various ministries, Planning Commission and various demographic agencies to collect detailed statistics on population necessitated an extension of the 1961 census questionnaire and a series of tables of data. As many as 1400 publications were planned and printed. A new feature in 1961 Census, the company is in a broad range of further studies of rural crafts, fairs and festivals and ethnographic studies. The Census Organization, therefore, was the shop of a wealth of sociological information on the country. Specific socio-economic studies was conducted in a large number of villages. For the first time in the history of Census of India, a Census Atlas was planned at the state level, as well as in India level. An attempt was also made for the mechanical tabulation of some of the data and hence a moderate complement of mechanical equipment as Key battles, verifiers, sorters, Tabs, reproducers were obtained and household schedules of the 1961 census is tabulated on mechanical equipment.

Returns from the 1971 Census was further modified to suit the needs of Govt., Planning Commission, various demographic bodies and academics. The new features in the census in 1971 were (i) an attempt was made to collect data on current fertility, (ii) migration data in the last place of residence were collected which yielded valuable and realistic information on internal migration, and (iii ) a significant departure was made in connection with economic issues. The main activity of a person found, after which he spent his time largely as a worker producing goods and services, or as a non-worker. A new concept of "urban standard" was developed for counting certain cities data.

Encouraged by the experience of the 1961 Census, it was again suggested to have a number of additional studies of the 1971 Census. It was suggested to have a restudy of a number of villages and also to have intensive studies of some 200 cities and ethnographic studies of selected communities. Beyond that there would be a special study on the selection of the Director of Census Operations in each country.

The results of each census have been published in detail. The general reports that summarizes and analyzes the results have often been unusually academically. It was not until 1941 that the census publications could not be as full as usual because of the limitations imposed by the Second World War. The Indian census was noteworthy not only for the information they show, but for the special obstacles they had to overcome. Imagine a massive, various sub-continent with hundreds of millions of people, almost all are illiterate, most of them in rural areas and some isolated jungle or mountains, some shelter superstition hostile to census cooperation, certain parts of the political and religious divisions and some pure savages of the Stone Age. One can imagine all this, and it is hard to take a census found.

Modern techniques mailing list can not be used and the time-tested slow but sure method for each include separate, anything is possible. It is about recruiting and training a large army of enumerators whose numbers can only be counted in thousands. The social and cultural complexity creates special problems.

The Indian Census has not been a purely statistical exercise. Demographic data were not presented in a dry form, but interpreted and analyzed in an interesting way. The General Reports of the Census, on the part of the country as a whole or of states which are products of scholarship. Many experts have been linked to the census and their analysis of data has often been the only authentic material on the socio-economic conditions.