Witchcraft and magic

Witchcraft and spells

The roots of the magic comes from the Celts, a people living between 700 BC and 100 AD. Thought to be descendants of Indo-Europeans, the Celts were a brilliant and dynamic people - talented artists, musicians, storytellers, metal workers, expert farmers and tough fighters. They were much feared by their opponents, the Romans, who eventually adopted some of their customs and traditions.

The Celts were a deeply spiritual people who worshiped both a god and goddess. Their religion was pantheistic, meaning they worshiped many aspects of "One Creative Life Source" and honored by the presence of the "Divine Creator" throughout the country. Like many other tribes across the world, they believed in reincarnation. After death, they went to Summerland for rest and renewal while awaiting rebirth.

The month of the Celtic year was named after trees. The Celtic new year began Samhain, meaning "summers end" and was the last harvest in years. This was also their "Festival of the Dead", where they honored their ancestors and deceased loved ones. Many modern Halloween customs from Samhain.

Next on the wheel of the Celtic year was the winter solstice, celebrating the annual rebirth of the sun. Our Christmas customs today is equivalent to this ancient festival. Around the beginning of February came Imbolg, a time when animals began to feed. The spring equinox and Beltaine, sometimes called "May Day" was the fertility festivals. Summer solstice, known as Lughnassa celebrated the glory of the sun and the forces of nature. Lughnassa was Fall Equinox, and Samhain is considered as Celtic harvest festivals.

The "Druids" were the priests of the Celtic religion. They remained in power through the fourth century AD, three centuries after the Celts' defeat at the hands of the Romans. Druids were priests, teachers, judges, astrologers, healers and bards. They were necessary to the political leaders, giving them great power and influence. They were peacemakers, and were able to move from one warring tribe to another unharmed. It took twenty years of intense study to become a Druid.

Translated word Druid means "knowing the oak tree." Trees, particularly oak was held sacred by the Celts. Mistletoe, which grows as a parasite on the oak trees, was a vigorous plant, used in their ceremonies and for healing. Mistletoe was ritually harvested at the summer solstice by cutting it with a golden sickle and caught it with a white cloth, but never let it fall to the ground.

The religious beliefs and practices of the Celts grew into what later became known as paganism, not to be confused with the concept of neo-paganism, which is outside the scope of this writing. The word Pagan comes from the Latin word Paganus, which means "country Dweller." This excrescence was consistent with the Celts' love of the land and their holding things like oak and mistletoe sacred.

Paganistic beliefs and rituals blended with the other Indo-down groups, and for centuries spawned such practices as concocting potions and ointments, casting spells, and perform works of magic. This practice, along with many of the nature-based faiths, as the Celts and other groups were collectively known as witchcraft.

The term witch, which means to "twist or bend," has its origins in the ancient Anglo-Saxon word "Wicca", which is derived from the word "wicce," which means "wisdom". The witch is also related to the German word "Weiher," which means "to consecrate or bless." Some say that the origins of the witch date back thousands of years to the day when the goddess was worshiped and mankind had great reverence for the forces of nature and of women as creators of new life. In "New Age" philosophy, is about the concept of "Gaia" or "Mother Earth", which sees the planet Earth, which is essentially a living being.

Prior to the 14th century, witchcraft came to mean a collection of beliefs and practices, including healing through magic, mixing ointments or concoction, dabbling in the supernatural, guess or predict the future, and engaging in clairvoyance. Groups holding to other faiths and rituals of witchcraft are often labeled as "demon-worship."

After North America was discovered and Europeans began migrating to the new land, sorcery came into practice some of the early, colonial settlers. Since it had previously been labeled as "demon-worship," Witchcraft was banned throughout the North American colonies. In spite of this decree of the powers of the day, in secret, some colonists practiced witchcraft told they would be hanged or burned if caught. It has been said that the rituals performed by the Early American Witches helped protect their settlements from attacks by native Americans.

Magic can affect many outcomes, some good and some bad, depending on the magic and intentions of the practitioner. The more familiar forms of magic are indicated by colors. 

"Black Magic" is done with the intent to harm another creature, either as a means to build the practice of power or as an end in itself. The underlying ideology of black magic is based on the practitioner and his or her pursuit of knowledge and / or physical well-being is more important than other concerns, theological or ethical. "Green Magic" includes the practitioner's attuning to nature and the world around him or her. "White Magic", where practitioners attunes itself to the needs of human society and try to meet those needs. This is a kind of "personal betterment" magic, and would not harm other creatures.

"Gray Magic" is the magic that either green or black or white, and usually replaces the absolute stand of those kingdoms with a code of ethics, which is particular to the general practitioner. It is a kind of magic all its own, and can be used for many different purposes. "People Magic" is an eclectic collection of natural medicine, faith healing, curses and hexes, candle magic, and other working methods that have thrived in rural areas for centuries. There is also the term 'hedge wizard "which refers to a person who attempts to practice magic with little or no formal education.

Forces behind Black Magic:

It works on the following principles:

The magic is based on the natural and supernatural forces that exist with the other four fundamental forces, and these are numbered as the fifth and sixth energy. The scientific basic forces are: 

1. Weak Gravity 

2. Strong Gravity 

3. Electromagnetism 

4. Weak Nuclear Power 

5. Strong Nuclear Power 

6. Natural Command 

7. Supernatural force.

TIRUPATI

Tirupati 

 Indian old country in the world filled with lots of historical / worship in state offices and tourist resorts in north and south. Among the South Indian famous places worth seeing are arranged here.

Tirumala Tirupathi: The Tirumala hills are the world's second oldest rock mountains situated 2820 m above MSL, about 100 square meters in area. The Tamil literature such as Silapadikaram and Satanar's Manimekalai, in 500 BC to 300 AD, mentions Thiruvenkagam (now known as Thirupathi) as the northernmost frontier of the Tamil kingdoms. The ancient and sacred temple of Sri Venkateswara is located on the seventh peak, Venkatachala of Thirupathi Hills, located on the southern banks of Sri Swami Pushkarani, also known as the Lord of Seven Hills. The temple of Sri Venkateswara has acquired unique sanctity in Indian religious tradition. Sastras, Purana and alware hymns unequivocally declare that in the Kali Yuga, one can attain mukti, only by worship Lord Venkateswara. The benefits acquired by a pilgrimage here is mentioned in Rig Veda and ethics, where the Lord is described as the great bestower of Boons. The temple has its origins in Vaishnavism, an ancient sect advocates the principles of equality and love, and prohibits animal sacrifice. The inner sanctum, which houses the awe-inspiring idol of Lord of Seven Hills is located in the main temple complex of Tirumala.

Features: Being a pilgrimage center, the floating population seems to be the main source of economy, but it is not (Population: 4801800-Census 2001). Too late, Tirupathi has become the education hub for the surrounding areas due to the presence of educational institutions and universities offering almost all fields of studies at all levels. Trade and industry is underway and the business flourishes. Revenues from the travel industry is also high. Area 8700 sq. km with a rainfall of 82.5 mm. Air-max 32 ° C min 26 ° c.The holy mountain Thirumala imminent town of Tirupathi is said to be more popular pilgrimage site in the world, drawing devotes more than Rome, Jerusalem or Mecca! 

Swami Pushkarini (Temple tank): It is very normal and very likely to find a water tank either right beside or near every Hindu temple built in ancient and medieval times. The waters of the tank was strictly to the temple only - similar to God's "bad", there is a ritual / worship, cleaning and washing of the temples inside and outside the sides, for indoor use in a bath in Swami Pushkarini believed to clean the pilgrims of their sins and bestow temporal prosperity. Pilgrims bath here before entering the main temple and prayed in the holy tank purifies your body and soul.

Offering to God: Pilgrimage come here to see the Lord venkateswara, an avatar of Vishnu, said to meet the prayer said before him. Much of the pilgrims offer their hair to God, a symbolic act of self-abandonment.

Sarvadarsanam 'Darshan for all "means Sarvadarsanam and its hours are different on different days of the week. On normal days around 18 hours and on busy days it is in 20 hours. Around 50,000 pilgrims visit the main temple every day.

Landmarks in Tirupathi

 Akasa Ganga; About 3 km north of the main temple is the perennial power, is said to flow from the feet of the deity, and is considered sacred Vedas describe it, and the water here used to daily rituals in the temple.

Alermelu Mangapuram: Padmavathy Thayar temple is located in Alermelu Mangapuram also known as Thiruchanoor which is 5 km away from Tirupathi. Padmavathy Thayar deity here is the president and a darshan in person during Bramhotsavam will bring prosperity, it is believed.

  

Chandragiri Fort: The fort a top of a huge rock which stands 56 meters high, is only 12 km from Tirupathi, which was built in 1000 AD in the form of fortifications. Inside the fortifications seen eight ruined temples saivite and Vaishnavite Pantheon, Raja Mahal, Rani Mahal and other damaged structures.

Kanipakam: This is a 11th Century Vinayaka temple and the peculiarity is that the idol seems to be growing in size. A 'Kawacham' (breast plate) made the idol half a century ago, has become too small for it now. It is 70 km from Tirupathi and 12 km from Chitoor. 

ISKON Lord Krishna Temple: The temple has its own style of architecture with towers colored in gold and white. Temple inside the sanctum has Lord Krishna with beautifully dressed Gopikas. There is beautiful park surrounded by lots of fans, ponds, fountains and Krishna Leela idols. The temple is on the way to Tirumala Hills. Glass painting works on the windows shows Lord Krishna's playful acts and ceilings decorated like Tanjore art reveals the colorful masterpiece in art work. Each pillar is decorated with ten avatars of Lord Vishnu.

Sri Venkateswara Dhyana Vignan Mandiram: The Sri Venkateswara Museum was established in 1980. Stone and wood carvings, items used for Pooja and traditional arts and architecture are shown here. Now, a new building called the Sri Venkateswara Dhyana Vignana Maniram been built for this purpose.

  

SV Zoological Park and Science Center: Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park is the second of its kind in Andhra Pradesh. It may have species of animals and plants are preserved. A Science Center is also present in the vicinity, which is very famous in Andhra Pradesh, it also has a planetarium, which does huge crowd, and it takes one day to see it. Nearly 10 to 15 tigers are present in the zoo. There is a proposal to start the University of Pharmacy and Medical College in Renigunta in an area of 165 hectares. An IT SEZ is also coming in Renigunta in 1417 hectares.

Talakona (Falls); this water fall is considered the threshold for the hills of Tirumala on the shrine of Lord Venkateswara is located. The 60-meter fall is a perennial one and sub-cascade is said to purify body and mind.

Tamil Brahmin

According to eminent historians in the hoary past of Tamil Nadu were occupied by a highly cultured people whose religion was perhaps different from Hinduism. They had not Chaturvarnyam among them, but had different caste groups. To this country Brahmin in northern India migrated. It is, according to historians took place when the Maurya Kings were ruling India, the reason is the new religious revolutions in the north was founded by Gautama Buddha and Mahavira Vardhamana took mercy of kings. The Brahmin migration was in waves, and many of them settled in the current Telugu country, and some of them reached Tamil Nadu. The first groups to migrate to Tamil Nadu was pro-Shukra Brahmin who were followers of Lord Shiva and the past few waves Pro Brihaspati Brahmin, who were mainly followers of Lord Vishnu.

Tamil Nadu welcomed these new migrants with open hands. Stories of migration of Agasthya and he is the founder of River Cauvery is told in ancient Tamil myth. His disciple Tholkappiyar, there is certainly a historical figure wrote the first book in Tamil ie. Tholkappiyam. This book clearly mentions the existence of the Brahmin in Tamil Nadu. There is some evidence pointing out to Tholkappiyar itself to be a Brahmin. They were originally called Anthanars or Parpanars or aravor or vediyars. Tholkappiyam also mentions the word Aiyar in one place.

Kings of Tamil Nadu were attracted by these scholars, pundits and made them their Asan with the title or teachers. These teachers also were given more powers by them. Apart from this, several villages were given to them as grants, free and free of charge. Those were called Brahmodayams or Chadurvedimangalams. Possibly in a much later period they were renamed Agraharams. Although new to the culture and language, these new migrants learned the language of the country and the ancient books mention many great poets among them in the courts of some very famous kings. These early migrants also brought the concept Gothras. Bharadwaja, Koundinya, Kasyapa, Kaushika and Atreya Gothras mentioned in the early Sangam literature. They originally did not name themselves as they do in modern times after the Gods they worship but tended to use their Gothra in their names. Some examples of the early names were Kauniyan Vinnantayan (Kaundinya), Palai Gautamanar (Gautama), Ilankausikanar (Kausika) Kallil Athreyanar (Atreya) and Bharadwaji Nachinarkiniyanar (Bharadwaja) and so on.

They were strict vegetarians, teetotalers and spoke of a specialized dialect of Tamil among themselves. Their houses had a "well washed-scrubbed-courtyard" and mostly a cow and a calf were tied to a post in front of their houses and dog and fowls were assiduously kept out. The Brahmin of those times had six times the tasks, ie. learning of Vedic texts, teaching of Vedas, performing yagnas (called velvi in Tamil), helping others perform yagnas, gift giving and taking of gifts. Among the earliest schools Vedas started Ghatika them were of Kanchi and the Vedic school in a village called Ennayiram. The Sangam literature mentions about a famous Brahmin named Punjarurkavunian Vinnandayan presumed to have performed many Vedic sacrifices in these times.

They also took, great interest in the development of Tamil literature. Among them the famous poets of the time was Nakkerar, Kapýlar, Nachinarkiniyar and Tayam Kannanar and so on. If they were representatives of the Vedic learning, they also took very active part in the Bhakti movement of the ancient Tamil Nadu. Among the greats was Nambi Andar Nambi, Nadamuni, Sambandar, Sundarar, Kungilyakalayanar, and many others.

Divisions and groups:

It is very important to note that both were Shaivites and Vaishnavites among them, as they were known, but they preferred to live as one large group with several subgroups. Govindacharyar, Nathamuni, Nambi Andar Nambi etc were big Vaishavite saints in these times.

The historians who have traced the migration of Brahmin in Tamil Nadu believe that the first group to migrate were BrihatCharanams and Ashtasaharam Brahmin. The Brihatcharanams loosely translated as big foot or big migrations were the first wave of settlers who settled in Mangudi locations, Satyamangalam, Thiruvannamalai, Palamaneri, Kandarmanikkam and Milagasur and so on. The next immigrants were possibly Ashtasahasrams be settled at a place called Ennayiram near Pondicherry. The next great wave of immigrants was Vadamas, so called by others, who have already settled as Northerners. There were other smaller sub-groups, which also Vathimas. Many of those migrants whose main occupation was learning Vedas and performing Yagnas went to the temple in Tamil Nadu to achieve proficiency in AGAMA sastras. These were called Kurukkal in general and some of these prominent groups were again divided into Sholiyars. Since the first immigrants, believed that these people have committed a big mistake by taking up Temple Worship, they were looked down upon by the other groups. Another prominent and well recognized group of learned Brahmin was Chidambaram Dikshitars. The Mukkani Brahmin who assist in Puja in Tiruchendur temple was a later addition to these groups Vadamas itself was divided in to Then_desathu Vadamas and Vada _desathu vadamas.It is not clear when the Vaishnavites were a separate group and began to call themselves as Iyengar. They certainly did after the emergence of Sage Ramanujachariar who systematized Srivaishnavism After him his supporters again divided in to Vadakalai Iyengar and Iyengar Thenkalai. There is also some evidence that most of the Vadakalai Iyengar was from Vadamas and most of the Thenkalai Iyengar was from Sholiyars. Among Iyer, there were also smaller sects as Kesis and Kaniyalars. There's even a very small group called Prathamasakhis restricted to some villages which Seddanipuram near Nannilam of Tanjore district who feel they are untouchable in the middle of the day every day. They go out of the house at noon and again at home after a purificatory bath.

Swastik Symbols

History of Swastik:

Swastika symbol is popular worldwide, but it has far greater significance in India. The term is derived from the sanskrit word "Swastika", a term prosperity, happiness, comfort, safety and good luck. It is considered to be a charm to bring luck and prosperity. Swastik Cross consists of four equal arms with each arm bent at the correct angle. Well, people in India are really aware of the Swastika symbol and its meaning, but very few know its origin and history.

Indo Aryans, Greeks, Hittites and Celts made an extensive use of the swastika across in historic times. Swastika has been a sacred symbol for Hindus since ages. There are millions of people who support and advocacy for the use of Swastik and thereby popularizing it in such a way that it seems to have its relevance, not only in the past, but also in the current society. The recent discoveries suggest Swastika symbol is done they felt themselves in the Indus Valley Civilization.

Swastika is sometimes used in the form of a geometrical motif and sometimes as a religious symbol. Almost all cultures have adopted Swastika as Asian, African, European or Native American. Why the Swastika can vary from one culture to another, but the fact is that the Swastika has been in the forefront. The results of the archaeological excavations suggest that the origin of the Swastika can be traced back to the Neolithic age. The Swastik signs were prevalent in many ruins of Khuzestan province in Iran. It is also found in the "Vinca script" of 5 millennium BC in Neolithic Europe.

In the early Bronze Age, found Swastik cross road in ceramic design. Its tracks are also found in the Iron Age. In ancient civilizations, not Swastika not really have a religious significance, but it was used as a popular motif, often used in designing more articles by frequent use. In Zoroastrian Persia, Swastika symbol representing the rotating sun, fire, eternity and leisure. No mention is made of Swastika in the Vedas. Its religious significance felt in India in the Mauryan and Gupta Empire. Thus, the Swastika has been in use since a very long period.

Swastika symbol is currently used in most Dharmic religions. It is also found in several Devanagari fonts. It is also used in the modern Unicode. Most of the Hindu religious texts, the Swastika symbol printed on them. It is increasingly finding its way into the design of wedding cards and decorations. In year 1920 it became popular as a Nazi symbol, and thus became a very controversial topic. In Western countries, know people Swastik more as a symbol of the Nazis, rather than a religious symbol for Hindus.

Swastik in Buddhism:

Swastika is a symbol of luck in the Buddhist religion. It represents the footprint and the heart of the Buddha. It is thus considered very sacred, and largely made use of the Buddhists. Infact, in all the images of Gautama Buddha, you will find Swastik cross printed on the chest, palms and feet. It is one of the original 65 symbols of auspiciousness associated with the footprint of Buddha.

Swastika marks the beginning of all the Buddhist texts. Buddhist Swastika is most often seen as a sign of infinite wealth, abundance and longevity. Swastika has great significance in the Buddhist religion, and thus the religious label can be found on almost all the Buddhist sites, including temples. Tagged on Swastika is very popular in Korea. It is used to decorate the altar cloths and miniature paintings.

Swastika symbol can be found at all these places where Buddhists have left their imprint. Swastik symbolizes a creature who has achieved Nirvana from the cycle of birth and rebirth. The image of Lord Buddha show Swastika on each of the toes on his feet. Buddhists have in fact borrowed from the Hindu Swastika. Buddhists use the symbol quite often because it is believed to bring luck, wealth, happiness and general welfare of mankind.

Swastik in Hinduism:

The symbol of Swastika is considered to be very promising and it is quite often used in art and architecture of the Hindus. It finds a special place for themselves in the wedding decorations. Swastika design can be found in temples, doorways, clothes, cars, etc. Most of the wedding cards have the Swastik symbol printed on them.

The four wings Swastik cross indicating the four directions: north, east, south and west, the word stability, firmness and strength. It is used as a symbol of the sun, which represents Lord Surya. Swastika is considered very holy, and therefore this motif is used to adorn almost all the things associated with the Hindu religion. Because of its holiness, it is used in all Hindu yantras in the form of a religious symbol.

Although the Hindu God Ganesha is depicted seated on a lotus flower, which is held on the bed of swastikas. Swastika is one among the 108 symbols of Lord Vishnu. That means the sun's rays, which are valuable for the existence of life. Right side of the Swastika represents the rotation of the sun, starting from the northern hemisphere, and then go east and then south and then west. Left side of the Swastika is known as Sauvastika. It symbolizes the goddess Kali, who is portrayed in a very intimidating way. She is considered to be the goddess of darkness.

Rudraksha

History of Rudraksha:

There is an interesting legend associated with Rudraksh. In this article we will give you information on the origin and history of Rudraksha. Rudraksh phrase basically refers to the tears of Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva meditated for several years for the welfare of all creatures. But when he opened his eyes to look around, he saw people in pain. 

Lord Shiva could not see the suffering and misery to humans and began to throw the hot drops of tears. Mother Nature turned into tears and gave birth to the Rudraksh trees. The other names of Lord Shiva is Rudra and the Lord of tears. Rudra is a term used to refer one that exempts others from suffering and pain. There are different forms of Rudra, namely water, earth, fire, air, Sun, Space, Moon, etc.

Cultivating a plant, we water it regularly. Like the plants will be cared for with water all the time, just you Rudra, there is a need to perform Rudrajapa. By doing so, a tendency to achieve peace and happiness in life. So let's all get together and sing Sri Rudram with full devotion. This in turn will help us reach our final destination.

Power of Rudraksha:

A person wearing Rudraksha get all his sins washed away and heads its way to its final destination. Followers of Lord Shiva is usually given Rudraksha for peace. A person who has a tendency to be clean after wearing the Rudraksha beads. People are convinced that a person offering food to the wearer of Rudraksha when Rudraloka ie Loka or rich Lord Rudra.

Wearer of Rudraksha achieves salvation and thus increases the liberation from the cycle of death and rebirth. It is believed that a person chooses to wear Rudraksha with pearls, crystal, silver, gold and other precious stones acquire the form of Lord Shiva. There are plenty of the importance of wearing Rudraksa beads. It not only pleases the Lord Shiva, but stresses the gods of all nine planets.

Rudraksha is an integral part of Lord Shiva. Since it is so expensive that the Lord, all supporters of Shiva wear it. The importance of Rudraksh can be felt even by watching it. It helps a lot in reducing pain and suffering to people. It fulfills all wishes and desires of the wearer. Rudraksh removes the fear of untimely death. Since time immemorial, people have been wearing Rudraksh for good health, wealth, success and salvation.

Benefits of Rudraksha:

      * Rudraksh is one of the best ways to invite the goddess of wealth. 

      * There is no fear of untimely death to the wearer of Rudraksh. 

      * It helps to awaken Kundilini. 

      * It paves the way for peace and harmony in life. 

      * It helps a lot to control stress levels. 

      * It increases self-power.

Types of Rudraksha Beads:

Rudraksha beads are basically the tears of Lord Shiva, who rolled down her eyes after seeing the suffering people. It is because of this reason that these Rudraksha beads is considered to be crucial. In the eyes of people, Rudraksh beads are God's gift to humanity. There are various types of Rudraksha beads are available, each has its own meaning.

Types:

1 Mukhi:

It is one of the most precious pearls, which are rarely available. It is known to bring luxury, power, wealth and enlightenment.

2 Mukhi:

It helps to build healthy relationships. It is believed to control all negativities.

3 Mukhi:

AIDS in enhancing confidence among users, thus enabling him to handle difficult situations.

4 Mukhi:

It helps a lot in the development of Legacy. It is very beneficial for treating the problem of stuttering.

 

5 Mukhi:

This gives rise to concentration and effort to get knowledge.

6 Mukhi:

It is known to bring wealth, power, name and fame. It helps the user to achieve eternal bliss.

7 Mukhi:

It helps a person achieve what he wants. It allows a person to flourish academically.

8 Mukhi:

It brings wealth and luxury. It helps to ward off evil spirits and get rid of various diseases.

9 Mukhi:

It is said to be associated with confidence, good character, happiness and good health.

10 Mukhi:

It enables a person to earn plenty of wealth. It is said to be associated with strength and vitality.

11 Mukhi:

It helps a person to overcome all his fears and insecurities.

12 Mukhi:

It is suitable for those wishing to acquire an influential position. It is believed to be associated with charismatic personality.

13 Mukhi:

It is said to bring liberation from the worldly pleasures.

14 Mukhi:

It is associated with power and authority.

15 Mukhi:

It increases the concentration of power, so that the person to acquire more knowledge.

16 Mukhi:

It paves the way for success and prosperity. It allows a person to attain all the comforts of life.

17 Mukhi:

It helps in washing all the sins of the user, allowing him to attain Moksha.

18 Mukhi:

It helps improve the immune system of the wearer. Therefore, it is Aids in keeping away diseases.

19 Mukhi:

It is believed to bless the wearer with marital happiness and offspring.

20 Mukhi:

It is designed for those who wish to leave all worldly pleasures and attain Moksha. It is normally worn by saints and Brahmin.

21 Mukhi:

It protects the wearer from all evil.

OM The Ultimate Power

OM The Ultimate Power

About Symbol:

Aum sign is the most prominent symbol in Hinduism. The Om symbol means divinity and unity of all the works of God. Whether or Aum presents never ending Brahman, where all forms of life exist. In this article we will tell you the importance of symbols, which will help you understand what does this Hindu symbol Om significant.

A represents the creator

U represents the Preserver

M represents the Destructor

Thus the sign Aum denotes trinity of God. It is a symbol of the three main gods of the Hindus, namely Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. The three letters symbolize the three worlds, ie heaven, earth and hell. In the Vedas, the word AUM is the sound of the sun, thus representing the sound of light. Almost all pilgrimage sites for Hindus is Om symbol enshrined. Many Hindus wear signs symbols, since it is considered very promising.

Power of Subject:

On the main sound, as all other sounds are produced, even the sound of the mother. There are plenty of the importance of chanting Om, you will come to realize within a few days chanting. It will have a big impact on your everyday life. When you begin to recite Om, you feel his power.

When you take a deep breath and sing if it means a lot calmful effect which will relax your mind and body. It is the first stage of meditation, which aims to draw attention away from all the other tensions that have occupied your mind. The sound of Om is very pleasant to hear. When accompanied by slow deep breathing, it gives a very gentle massage of the chest, back, stomach and head.

On chanting enhances the function of all organs in the body and helps to cure various diseases. It helps to improve your concentration power, which enables you to understand more information. Om chanting is as a guide to spiritual practice. When your mind is away from all worldly thoughts, it is the stage where you get really connected to God Almighty. It permeates the vitality of the body and tend to feel stronger.

About Meditation:

Chanting Om is the first step in meditation. Everything you need to do is hide in a peaceful place to sit down on the floor, gently close your eyes, take a deep breath and sing about. As you do this, relax your muscles. Not tighten your muscles, otherwise you will not be able to feel the energizing effect of chanting Om. Meditation on Om will revitalize your energy and rejuvenate you completely.

For Aum meditation, it is of utmost importance to retire in a quiet place, otherwise your concentration will have a negative influence. Try not to let your mind wander and think about other worldly things. Repeat several times a day and try to connect it with the feeling of eternity. Not just talk, but also think about its meaning in your heart, and then watch the magic effects.

When you recite Om, just do not do it for their own sake. Instead, make a sincere effort to carry out the purpose of performing it. If it succeeds, there will be a fantastic feeling in your heart. There is no fixed time meditating on Om. You can do as many times as you wish. When your mind is totally unable to concentrate, it is at this point that you are able to realize the power of divinity.

Navratri - religious significance and Puja Vidhi

Navratri is a festival popularly known as the festival of worship and dance. The word Navaratri literally means nine nights in Sanskrit; Nava meaning Nine and Ratri meaning nights. During these nine days and nights, nine forms of Shakti / Devi ie female divinity are worshiped. The nine-day Navratri festival held in honor of the nine manifestations of Goddess Durga.

The religious significance behind the celebration of Navratri is that the nine days are divided and devoted to the trinity of God is worshiped in a female form.

In Hindu mythology the festival is hugely celebrated throughout the world as the victory of good over evil, as the goddess Shakti (Maa Durga) killed buffalo - headed demon, Mahishasura after a long battle for nine days and a night on the tenth day is celebrated as Vijaya Dashmi such worship of Mother Goddess is unique to Hinduism. Also dusshera celebrated on the same day that Lord Rama with the blessings of Maa Durga has won over Ravana. The festival also marks the arrival of winter, a period when nature undergoes several climatic changes. Goddess Shakti in the nine types, Shailputri Maa, Maa Brahmachaarini, Chandraghanta Maa, Maa Kushmaanda, Skanda Passed, Passed Kaatyayani, Kaalratri Maa, Maa Mahagauri and Maa Sidhidaarti worshiped over the nine days of good heath, wealth, prosperity, knowledge and auspiciousness.

Navratri in 2009 will start from 19th until September 27th September.

Rituals to perform during Navratri Puja

Navratri Puja is very simple and not very complicated. One can easily observe the fast, although we can not observe the fast, he can simply recite the mantra "Om ang Haring Kalimg Shreeng Maha Durgay Namah". You have to carefully work on his / her aahar (food), vyavhaar (behavior) and acharan (characters) in the time of Navratri.

Aahar - One should always avoid non vegetarian food and "Satvik" foods such as fruit, should Kutu Ka AATA, Singara Ka AATA, Curd and potatoes should be eaten. Use of onion and garlic should be avoided.

Vyavhaar and Acharan - During Navratri festival, all devotees should worship the female deity with the spiritual movement (bhav)

Here is the method to perform Navratri Puja

Get your house cleaned and ready. You are inviting Goddess into the home. Usually this happens on Amavasya, a day before the beginning of Navratri.

On the first day of Navaratri, a small bed of mud (taken from a promising place) is prepared in the Puja room in the house and barley seeds are sown about it. In this Ask a Kalash made of earthen oven / Copper is kept and filled with water. Pot over a bowl filled with rice with. A dry coconut wrapped with mango leaves are then kept at this Kalash. The Kalash are thought to be a symbolic form of goddess Durga. By keeping a Kalash Kalash in invocates goddess.

On the tenth day, they shoot about 3 to 5 inches in length. After the Puja is these plants are pulled out and given to devotees as a blessing from God. This Kalash should not be affected during the nine days. A Diya is lit near the Kalash, which is supposed to burn forever in nine days. This is known as the Akhand Jyoti.

Many people believe that the length of the shoots provides Quantum of income that they want in the next six months. This belief could have been because India is fundamentally an agricultural economy in which productivity of the land provides an income. 

Mahaashtami

The day begins with a recital of Sanskrit hymns of devotees, offering prayers to the goddess. Kumari Puja or the worship of little girls as the mother goddess is a special part of the rituals observed in a number of traditional and household Puja.

Mahanavami

The festival of Navratri culminates in Mahanavami. On this day Kanya Puja is performed. Nine young girls representing the nine forms of goddess Durga is worshiped. Their feet are washed as a sign of respect for the goddess and then they are offered food mainly consisting of Kala Chana, halwa and poori with coconut pieces and dakshina (money) and Red chunri is offerd to kanjaks.

Vijaya Dashami

After the nine days Puja, on Dashami, also the last day is called Vijaya Dashami, the images of goddess Durga are carried in processions around the locality of devotees and finally immersed in a nearby river or lake.

 

Colors Navratri

Durga Navratri is the most sacred and most famous festival season in India which has a unique tradition of colors. Colors also play a crucial role in this festival. People should choose colors according to each aspect of Devi. The colors represent the nine avatars or incarnations or manifestations of Goddess Durga Maa.

1. day

1 Today contributed to Durga Shailputri. She is the daughter of Himalaya and first among nine Durga who trishul in her right hand and a flower in your left hand. Dressed in white / red color will be happy on this day

2. day

means Durga Brahamcharini. Here "Brahma" means "Tapa". Idol of the goddess is believed to be very beautiful give message of love to the whole world. There are rosary (Mala) in his right hand and Kamandal in the left hand. She is full of gaiety. People can wear saffron / Peach / Light Yellow on days

3. day

On 3 Today Durga Chandraghanta. The Goddess establish justice everywhere and wear the crescent moon on her forehead. She is charmful and bright sitting on Lion and ready to go to war to fight. She is unprecedented image of bravery. Dressed in white / red color on this day would be very fruitful for the devotees.

4. day

Dedicated to Durga Kushmanda the day is the source of basic necessities to all. This form of Durga is said to be the creator of the universe. People must wear Blue / White / Saffron color on this day. 

  

5. day

On the fifth day of Navratri means Durga Skanda. The Goddess gives gift of differentiation of right and wrong in the world. Dressed in green / red / white colored clothes will be favorable to the devotees. 

  

6. day

The sixth day of Navratri is dedicated to Durga Katyayani. It is believed that Maa Katyayani sustained battles against the evil and deceitful entities. Red / white color to use to carry on this day. 

7. day

The seventh day of Navratri is dedicated to Durga Kalratri. Kalaratri one of the most violent forms of Durga and her appearance even elicit fear. This form of Goddess is believed to be the destroyer of all demons units. Blue / red / white color to use to carry on this day. 

8. day

The eighth day of Navratri means Maha Gauri aspect of the goddess Durga. Durga Ashtami Puja is held in many parts of India. Wearing red / saffron / yellow / white / pink color would be favorable to the devotees on this day. 

9. day

Dedicated to Goddess Durga Siddhidatri kind of day is also observed as Mahanavami in many parts of the country. This form of goddess Durga showers knowledge that makes each soul pure. People can wear red / white color on this day.

Music in Church Worship

Early history of music in church from Greek, Hebrew, and Syrian influence in contemporary Christian music in the 21 century.

Early music in church was formed by Greek, Syrian, and Hebrew influences. Only a dozen examples of Greek music from the ancient world to exist, but from these, music historians note that the music was part of early Greek religious ceremonies. It was primarily Alm unison melody, devoid of any kind of harmony or contrasting counterpoint. This early music allowed for embellishment with instruments. History shows that Greek music was based on theories about the nature of music and certain accepted systems and patterns of musical compositions.

Syrian monasteries and churches were the scenes of the beginning of the musical elements of worship as well. Antiphonal psalmody and hymns were first present in Syria and then spread to Milan and further west. Antiphonal psalmody was also evident in the Jewish temples. Antiphonal singing means that the two choirs singing "back and forth" to each other, much like an echo, but not always the same music.

In the case of Jewish psalmody, the text was based on verses from the Hebrew "Book of roses," the biblical psalms. Psalms were sung every day in ancient Hebrew temples. Another method for their musical presentation was responsorial sing Levite leaders cried Psalms accompanied by different instruments, sing a line and then waiting for the congregation to sing the next. The song was sung as a solo from the altar was called the "verse" and the congregational choral response was known as the "reply".

Hymns followed, adapting tunes from the early chants. Catholicism developed Canticle, lyrical parts of the Bible, which was sung at certain times of worship. Canticle is a part of today's liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church. The first written chants were associated with Pope Gregory and therefore is remembered in history as "Gregorian Chants". 

As early as medieval times, was considered Mass. main worship service in the Catholic Church. It was organized into two types: the true Mass and the ordinary Mass. Historical proper Mass was seasonal, and the music depended on special feast to be celebrated. Its movements included the Introit, Collect, Epistle, gradual, Alleluia, Gospel, Offertory, Secret, Preface, Canon, Communion, and Post-Communion. Ordinary Mass was spent on benefits from week to week, unaffected by holy days or seasons. Ordinary Mass remained the same each service with five musical parts: Kýria Eleison, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus and Agnus Dei. 

Because the Gregorian Chants were regarded as sacred, they were used in the early Mass. fundamental fair always found in the lower part, bass line and was called Cantus firmus. Musicians and composers modified chants of changing rhythms, voice, harmony, counter melody, descant, and imitation, but the chants were always present. History records Machaut changing rhythms. Leonin added a second harmonic component. This technique was built by Dufay, who organized a mass for three and four parts all sing different tunes on each other, but the chord harmonies. Perotin added counter melody and descant. Ockegheim was a master of technique, imitation, writing mass events, focus on one voice, but allowed an echo of another voice in a lower or higher register. Ockegheim also added harmonies, mostly in thirds. Prez introduced counterpoint to the exhibition, where two different melodies played independently, often a few highlights from each other. 

As more and more composers added and changed the fundamental Gregorian melody, the music for Mass. become more complex. It was hard to select the text or understand the meaning of words. In some cases, the music itself was so difficult that singers pranced on performance. The organist then played music or improvised on the theme, and thus introduce liturgical organ music.

At the Council of Trent, met church leaders to tackle the difficult and varied music for them. The first official catechism was formulated. It was decided that the music for worship, shall, within reasonable limits with regard to its problems, so that church members could participate.

Palestrina Pope Marcellus asked to simplify church music. Palestrina solved the task with dignity and style, to simplify the presentation, but retains the beauty of the melody. He limited counterpoint. He also tried to enlarge the text so that words were the most important part of the music, and it worked out in his presentation, rather than mystify them, listening to its complexity.

During the 1600s and the 1700s, some of the world's greatest composers have contributed to the exhibition Bach composed a mass in the twenty-four keys! His most famous was "B-minor Mass" Monteverdi used dissonance and word painting to express the emotions of the words in the mass introduced A. Scarlatti cantata, a religious musical with five to eight movements, soloists, ensembles and choirs. Handel created oratorio, a sacred opera with a narrator. Handel's most famous religious work was the "Messiah". Schutz composed "The Seven Last Words", a work that centered on the theme of Christ's last days (or passions). Mozart wrote eighteen crowds. Mozart's masses were so long, however, that only parts of them can be used to schedule a church service. Haydn wrote fourteen Masses, all positive and happy, with a focus on faith in God. His most famous religious contribution was his oratorio "The Creation".

In the 18th century, religious music has expanded beyond all who had ever been set for it. Composers "borrowed" common melodies and even secular / popular songs, rewriting of religious words to them. In this period, Birte psalms, hymns and choirs for both Catholic and Protestant churches. It was often the case that the same melody was used as a hymn and a cantata or mass. For example, Bach's Cantata # 80 is based on the hymn "A Mighty Fortress is our God." Beethoven's Ninth Symphony and "Joyful, Joyful, we adore you" share a melody line.

On 19 and 20 century introduced free style with what history calls the "Liturgical Movement." Religious music underwent a transformation to suit a changing and evolving congregation. Liturgies were simplified and often translated into national languages. The liturgical movement sought to preserve the history of traditional music in church, but to design a style that will meet the need for a more modern parishioner. Music was not just naive, but is integrated with pastors and composers setting religious texts to folk melodies to encourage congregations to sing. Examples of famous hymns set to popular songs is "Amazing Grace" and "There is a fountain."

In the last part of the 20th century, a new musical idea again turned to music in church - contemporary Christian music. From folk / rock in the '70s with his guitar and drums for the Christian rap groups of the 21 century, Christian music continues to evolve with artists such as Carmen, and DC Talk who want to preserve the message of the church, while meeting the needs of an ever-changing world.

Life of jesus

Jesus' life

Christianity was founded on the life and teaching of a Jew named Jesus Christ. The English word "Jesus" comes from the Greek form of the Hebrew Joshua, a common name meaning "savior."

"Christ" is a title and it comes from the Greek form of the Hebrew Messiah, meaning "anointed one." Since the time of the earliest Christians, "Christ" has been used both as a surname and a name that stands alone.

Christian faith and most scientists agree that Jesus was an actual historical figure. The Christian calendar, in use in most of the western world, centered on Jesus' birth. The abbreviation "AD" stands for the Latin Anno Domini "in the year of our Lord." Interestingly, Jesus was actually born a few years "Before Christ" (BC) because of an error in a monk (Dionysius Exiguous) established the Christian calendar in 525 AD.

Sources on the life of Jesus:

The earliest available records of the life of Jesus are the four Gospel narratives, which were written by disciples of Jesus within a few decades of his death. A handful of other sources from the first and second century, including Christians, Roman, Jewish and Gnostic sources also mention Jesus. The following article is a summary of Jesus' life after the Gospel accounts. The "historical Jesus" are addressed by researchers will be addressed in a later article.

Jesus' birth and early life:

Jesus was born of a devout Jewish woman named Mary and a carpenter named Joseph. According to the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, Jesus was conceived by a miracle of the Holy Spirit, before the pair had had a sexual relationship. Matthew and Luke also report that Jesus was born in Bethlehem because the Roman emperor had decreed that each family register for a census in their ancestral home. Mark and John do not discuss Jesus 'birth, they begin their narrative with Jesus' adulthood.

Gospels are largely silent when it comes to Jesus' early life, but some information can be inferred from references elsewhere. Jesus was from a small town called Nazareth, where he probably trained as a carpenter under his father.

Jesus spoke Aramaic, a Semitic language related to Hebrew, but I think he knew enough Greek to communicate with Roman officials during his ministry.

The Gospel of Luke offers only account of this period when a 12-year-old Jesus wanders off from his parents in Jerusalem to discuss religion in the temple. When his frantic parents finally track him down, Jesus asks, "Did not you know I'd be in my Father's house?"

Teaching and Healing Ministry:

Jesus pure Gospel narratives around 30 years (around 26 AD). The four gospels agree that Jesus' first action was to be baptized by John the Baptist, a charismatic and ascetic figure who called people to repentance and baptized those who responded. This event marked the beginning of Jesus' ministry. (Some also have theories about it at the time of the human Jesus was divine.

After the baptism, left several of John's supporters to follow Jesus. Jesus was then selected a number of other countries, until he had created a group of 12 disciples. (Two of these disciples, Matthew and John, is the traditional authors of the gospels that bear their name.)

Jesus then spent from one to three years teaching and working miracles among his disciples, and before large crowds. His recorded miracles included making water into wine, walking on water, cursing a fig tree, heal the sick, multiplying a small meal to feed a crowd, casting out demons and even raised a man from the dead.

Jesus focused mainly on the "kingdom of God" and were usually transferred through parables draw on familiar images from the farm life. He criticized the hypocrisy of some Jewish leaders and learn the importance of love and kindness, even to his enemies. 

While Jesus was fundamentally Jewish, they differ significantly from the Jewish law of his day. Perhaps most surprising of all was that he taught on his own authority. Whereas the Jewish prophets had always accompanied their speech with "Thus said the Lord," Jesus said things like, "You have heard that it was said." "But I tell you that anyone who looks on a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart.'' 

Jesus' popularity grew quickly but so did opposition from local leaders. Roman rulers were uneasy about the general perception that he was the Messiah who would liberate the Jews from the Roman Empire, while Jewish leaders were disturbed by Jesus' shocking interpretations of Jewish law, his power with the people, and the rumor that he had been escaped to his own divinity.

Betrayal and execution:

In the gospels Jesus repeatedly suggesting that his disciples his end is near, but they can not fully understand or accept the idea. The clearest expression of this is in the "Last Supper", which took place on the evening before his death. All four gospels record Jesus shared bread and wine with his disciples asked them to "do this in remembrance of me." Christians celebrate this event in the sacrament of the Eucharist, or Communion. 

On this night Jesus also predicts that one of them will betray him, is greeted with astonishment and denial. But that night, Jesus' fate was sealed when Judas Iscariot, one of his disciples, and possibly the group's treasurer, led Roman soldiers to Jesus for 30 pieces of silver. When they arrested Jesus, the ever colorful Peter defended his master with a sword, slicing off the ear of a centurion. But he was rebuked by Jesus, who admonished, "Put your sword back in its place, for all who draw the sword will die by the sword." 

Jesus was brought before the Jewish high priests of the trial. When questioned, he said very little, but confirmed that he was the Messiah. He was then sentenced worthy of death for blasphemy and handed over to the Roman governor of Judea, Pontius Pilate, for punishment. Although reluctant to condemn Jesus for reasons not entirely clear, Pilate sentenced Jesus to death after pressure from the mob who had gathered. According to Matthew, when Judas learned of the sentence, threw silver coins into the temple and hanged himself.

Jesus was brutally beaten, dressed in a mock-royal purple robe and crown of thorns, and then executed by crucifixion on Golgotha (The Place of the Skull). This method of execution, apparently a Roman invention, resulted in nailing or tying the victim's hands and feet to a wooden cross. It produced a slow, painful death by suffocation. 

Gospels report that only Jesus' mother and a handful of female disciples were present during the performance. Jesus suffered on the cross for six hours before finally screams: "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?" and breathing his last. Gospels of Matthew and Mark report extraordinary events in Jesus' death - the whole country went dark, there was a great earthquake, the temple curtain was torn in half, and some recent death came back to life.

The Empty Tomb:

Jesus' body was taken down from the cross by Joseph of Arimathea, and placed in a tomb carved into the rock. Again, Jesus' mother, and one or two other women were the only ones present. (12) The same devoted women came to the grave the following Sunday morning to anoint his body with spices. When they arrived, they were surprised to find the stone covering the entrance to the tomb was rolled away and the tomb was empty. 

The four Gospels vary somewhat in their reports what happened next, but all generally agree that the women told the other disciples, but their story was not believed. But the Risen Jesus later appeared to the disciples, where he went through a locked door, however, indicated that he was not a ghost at the table, and being touched. He made several other appearances among different groups before ascending to heaven. 

Resurrection of Christ by Giovanni Bellini. Jesus' resurrection is central to the early church. Historically, it may be impossible to determine what happened or what the disciples actually experienced, but one thing is certain - they sincerely believed from the outset that Jesus was raised from the dead.

All four gospels give an account of the resurrection. In Acts, preached the central message that the apostles are Christ's resurrection. In his first letter to the Corinthians, which dates to as early as 55 AD, Paul writes that the resurrection is of "first importance" and that "if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is useless and so is your faith. " 

The belief that Jesus' resurrection make it possible for people to have peace with God in this life and meet a favorable end of the next was a major source of the incredible courage of the early Christian martyrs.