CBC English Radio Networks

1936:

The first CBC Radio Network was created on 2 November when the Canadian Broadcasting Act (assented to in Parliament on 2 June) was in force - and thus creating the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). 

The Canadian Broadcasting Act replaced the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Act was adopted by Parliament 26 May 1932, which had created the Canadian Radio

Broadcasting Commission (CRBC). 

The new law gave the CBC authority to operate a national radio system, and with the approval of the Governor in Council (among other powers) to establish new stations and to acquire the (existing) private stations Break. Corporation was also authorized to issue regulations on the programs and commercials, including the amount of time devoted to commercial messages. The law expressly prohibits the dramatization of political broadcasts and required identification of the sponsors of all political programs. Network (radio) could not be operated without prior approval from the Corporation. 

CBC consisted of a board of nine persons (all part-time members) appointed by the Governor-in-Council and elected to give representation to the major geographical divisions in Canada. Leonard. W. Brockington in Winnipeg was chosen for CBC's first chairman. Governor-in-Council approved the Board of Directors unanimous recommendation to appoint Gladstone Murray (General Manager) and Dr. Augustin Frigon (Deputy General Manager). 

Defined by its President, as the two main tasks of the Board were: (1) makes it possible for all of Canada to hear the programs of the CBC and (2) to provide the best possible planning. Studies showed that Canada had excellent talent available and that there were programs available from networks in the U.S. and from England and France. But studies also showed that only 49% of the population were currently able to hear CRBC programs made network that connects state-owned and privately owned stations. Governing Board adopted a policy to increase coverage to 84% of the population. This could include the establishment of new CBC stations, acquisition of private stations or arrangements with existing private stations to carry a certain number of hours of CBC programs a week and / or other hours available to either the designated ( "basic") stations or other stations in each center, operated by the network lines. 

  

1937: 

Following the extension of wire line contracts to 16 hours a day, the CBC network, began to operate daily from 8 to midnight Eastern time, with Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and BC stations that receive programming produced in the west until midnight local time (f. eg - BC to 3:00 Eastern time) 

  

Prior to this, the CBC took around 44 hours per week works by CRBC (50% of which were filled with phonorecords), assumed ownership of the stations acquired by CRBC - its agreements with private broadcasters for the implementation of network programs - and leasing of a complete system of some private stations (especially CKGW Toronto, which acted as the central station for the network as CRCT - later, CBL). 

  

1939: 

During his mandate, the CBC developed a basic network of 34 private and public stations, and entered into agreements with private owners of the station, where the CBC would pay them a portion (approximately 50%) of the station short rates for transportation sponsored network programs in exchange for an agreement to reserve a certain number of hours a week for broadcast by CBC-produced programs contain no advertising. The "current commercial", the CBC was able to import from NBC and CBS networks in the U.S., programs are already popular with most Canadians who had been able to tune them in to U.S. stations - offers such stars as Jack Benny, Charlie McCarthy, Bob Hope, Fred Allen, Bing Crosby, Fibber McGee and Molly; top-rated programs - The Carnation Contented Hour and starring Hollywood Monday night CBS Lux Radio Theater, mid-day soap operas - Ma Perkins, Pepper Young's Family. Big Sister, The Road of Life, The Guiding Light, etc. 

  

The ability to receive U.S. programs from a local Canadian station rather than trying to pick them up from distant U.S. stations proved to be very popular with Canadian listeners, especially those who live great distances from the U.S. border, and did much to encourage Extended listening to local stations. 

  

Furthermore, increased Canadian advertisers on board by sponsoring CBC and agency-produced Canadian programming such as The Happy Gang, John and Judy, Brave Voyage, Share the Wealth, Hockey Night in Canada (the latter previously implemented on an ad hoc network setup Maclaren Advertising Agency ) 

  

This policy not only helped create a Canadian television industry, but an opportunity for the CBC to "win" more Canadians from coast to coast to listen to programs that employ Canadian actors, musicians, singers, writers, composers and other Canadian talent. 

(This pattern was repeated during the formative era of television)  With all but 4 private Canadian broadcasters is limited to a maximum power of 1,000 watts (exceptions were CFRB Toronto and CFCN Calgary, both the so-called "grandfathering" of 10,000 watts, and ckace Montreal and CKLW Windsor with 5,000 watts), CBC went with his goal of increasing its owner-and-operated stations to the maximum power permitted by international agreement. CKGW Toronto was bought from Gooderam and Wørts and moved to "clear direction" on 740 kHz with power of 50,000 watts (December 1937), and call letters changed to CBL. Randomly in the same year, CBF Corporation, based in Montreal, put it to 690 kHz - a clear channel. CBF was later the central station, the CBC French network, which includes new CBV Quebec City, Chicoutimi CBJ and private stations in New Carlisle and Rimouski - supplemented by private stations in Hull, Sherbrooke and Rouyn. CBM Montreal earlier CRCM, with 5,000 watts took CBF's English programming. In 1939, the Maritime provinces, where the CBA in Sackville, NB on 1070 kHz, and listeners on the Plains was given to CBK, strategic positoned at Watrous, Saskatchewan at 540 kHz - both 50,000-Watters. CBR (later CBU) Vancouver and Ottawa CBO, each received power is increased to 5,000 watts - the international border on their frequencies.

(In subsequent years, the CBC's Alberta coverage was improved with additions of CBX Edmonton (ultimately from 50,000 to 740 kHz Replacement CBX Lacombe), and CBR Calgary in 1964 with 50,000 watts at 1010 kHz. Earlier, in 1948, a better coverage in Manitoba, CBC bought the original CKY from the Manitoba government, dubbed the CBW and increased its power from 15,000 to 50,000 watts at 990 kHz). 

But while private stations have chosen to join with the CBC network was glad to acquire some of the biggest radio attractions in the world, programming and income from other television stations in two-and three-station markets suffered. CBC subsidiaries had first choice in the performance of CBC maintenance (non-sponsored) programs are not a part of their reserved time for consensus, but the CBC offered the remainder of all they wanted to transfer them to non-affiliates. In southern Ontario, where Hamilton and St. Catharines stations existed under the umbrella of CBL's 50 kW transmitter at Hornby, CKOC, CHML and CKTB only as "extra points". If the sponsors pay the extra costs will add them to the CBC. In the meantime, they are welcome to share network maintenance programs. Similarly, in two-station markets across Canada, the CBC received further coverage of maintenance programs at no cost. 

In its report for the year ending March 31, 1938, the CBC that assured national coverage for network programs were estimated to reach 76% of Canada's population - up from 1936 figure of 49%. 

As the CBC continued to care for his resignation, it is set-up regional networks in five time zones across the country to meet the specific needs and interests in the region. 

1940s: 

In the early forties, developed pressure among listeners, advertisers and stations for alternative programming. Sensing this need, and that any campaign for a private network, the CBC took the initiative to create another coast-to-coast network. CBC lined-up 34 existing and soon to existing private stations as affiliates, but lacked a central station in Toronto, where CFRB had rejected the invitation to participate. (actually considered a proposal that the CBC should expropriate CFRB - instead, another solution was found). When the CBC could CRBC in 1937, also had a low-powered station Toronto - CKNC - whose studio facilities it had leased for CBL and which had been founded by the Canadian National Carbon Company. It got callsign CRCY and later became CBY. It was usually programmed separately from CBL and also maintain programs (not commercial), the NBC Blue Network. When the CBL is sponsored programs have CBY's programs have been fed with the existing lines CKTB St. Catharines and either CKOC or CHML Hamilton. 

 CBC has decided to turn CBY in the central station for its Dominion Network. The power will be increased to 50,000 watts and can be engineered to share the tower and other facilities of CBL on Hornby. Frequency of 860 - a clear channel - had previously been appointed to the CBC's use, and CBC moved CBY 1010 to 860, displace CFRB who had occupied the channel for several years. CBY was CJBC - the central station CBC Dominion Network - since it was formed 1 January 1944. CFPL London and CKX Brandon has been deleted from the original network and became the Dominion subsidiaries. The first program was sponsored intellectual NBC Monday night panel show information can be obtained also by Clifton Fadiman, as April 15, before the full compliment of programs that began in the autumn. CJBC was the only CBC-owned station in the Dominion Network - all others were privately owned. To handle the new network, hired away from the Corporation CKWX Vancouver Spence Caldwell, who, 17 years later founded the CTV network. The first CBC network is the Trans-Canada Network. 

A similar problem arose in Montreal where the Canadian Marconi Company's station HCFC denied the CBC's desire to have the Dominion affiliate. Subsequent to Arthur Dupont, so CBC's Commercial Manager for Quebec, applied for and received permission to establish CJAD, ostensibly to become the Dominion affiliate. But before he could get it on the air, HCFCs had changed his mind and signed up as the Dominion affiliate. Perhaps as a consolation or compensation for losing the Dominion Network, CJAD were allowed to share with ckace some programs from the U.S. networks - CBS. 

1962: 

CBC operated the two coast-to-coast English network until 1962, when the Dominion Network was disbanded, and a simple network was established linking the CBC-owned stations, supplemented by "appropriate" private stations to fill gaps in national coverage by offer a fixed number of hours per week. Some, if not most of these stations resisted affiliation, but was forced to obey the law. In a maritime city with two private stations, the old station building politely turned down the connection. CBC went to another station. They have also fallen. CBC came back to the first station and got the same answer. Subsequently, the licensee of that station was ordered to appear at a hearing before the BBG to justify "why the license should not be neutralized." 

Eventually and gradually, the private stations were "liberated" by a mandatory membership when the CBC was able to finance the establishment of FM transmitters to replace them. As a result, got the CBC full-time program coverage in those areas. 

Over the years, the CBC developed various ways to bring its programs to under-served areas. One was the creation of low-power repeater transmitters (LPRTs) in small communities served by Canadian National and Canadian Pacific telegraph lines, which carried the network across Canada. In some cases (as in Thunder Bay), they built a conventional AM station. In 1949, after Newfoundland joined Confederation network extended to the four publicly-owned stations in broadcasting the Federation of Newfoundland. 

1972: 

CBC's dependence on telegraph and telephone companies to physically secure national network coverage began to fade in 1972 with the launch of the Anik satellite and rental of 3 channels to serve radio and television. 

1974: 

CBC has adopted a policy not to accept advertising on its network - a change which could be facilitated without significant economic losses caused by commercial program sponsors had long before lost to television. 

CBC French FM network was opened. 

1975: 

The English FM network began operation. 

Licenses for FM stations in 1960 to strengthen its network coverage AM program, the CBC began using FM repeaters connected to the CBC studios in major centers. In 1970 a review of CBC's services recommended that to reach audiences, CBC Radio will be adjusted in the relevant networks in French and English. The focus of the leading network must be on news and light entertainment, while the new network of FM stations, which they believed would offer specialized programming of a more serious nature. 

As FM receivers flooded the country, with listeners showing a preference for the media, CBC, in many key places, began to replace its AM transmitters FM transmitters, support and better reception, and also revealed many previously-coveted spectrum. Transferred AM were 50-kilowatt transmitters in some areas (such as marshes) where the available FM frequencies that were missing to insure repeat of the large existing coverage. 

1984: 

CBC FM network began 24-hour operation. 

1997: 

CBC gave four new radio network identification. English Information Radio Network (the survivors from the first network) called Radio One. 

CRTC approved CBC's application to switch its Toronto and Montreal stations from AM to FM. 

1998: 

CBC opened a station in Victoria, the last provincial capital in Canada get a CBC radio station. 

Toronto's CBL moved from 740 on the AM band to FM 99.1 MHz. 

Montreal's CBM 940 switched to FM frequency 88.5 MHz as CBME-FM, while Radio-Canada counterpart CBF 690 moved to the FM to be CBF-FM at 95.1 MHz. AM signals

went dark in early 1999. 

Toronto's CBL 740 AM frequency temporary simulcast of CBL-FM signal, until it was phased out and left the air 19th June 1999. 

2005: 

At 12:01 on 15 August, CBC and Radio-Canada locked out of their 5500 employees. Months of negotiations failed to reach agreement between the Corporation and the Canadian Media Guild on the main issues in the company's desire to increase the number of contract staff to replace staff as attrition occurred. When the membership ratified a new interim agreement in the first week of October, it appeared that the Corporation had been far from what it had hoped to achieve.